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for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 1 HMC909LP4E general description features functional diagram t he hm c 909lp4 e power detector is designed for r f power measurement, and control applications for frequencies up to 5.8 ghz. t he detector provides an accurate r m s representation of any broadband, single-ended r f/if input signal. t he output is a tem - perature compensated monotonic, representation of real signal power, measured with an input sensing range of 40 db. t he hm c 909lp4 e is ideally suited to those wide bandwidth, wide dynamic range applications, requir - ing repeatable measurement of real signal power, especially where r f/if wave shape and/or crest factor change with time. t he integration bandwidth of the hm c 909lp4 e is digitally programmable with the use of input pins sc i1-4 with a range of more than 4 decade. t his allows the user to dynamically set the operation bandwidth providing the capability of handling differ - ent types of modulations on the same platform. hm c 909lp4 e features an internal op-amp at output stage, which provides for slope / intercept adjustments and enables controller application. broadband s ingle- e nded r f input 1 db detection accuracy to 5.8 ghz input dynamic r ange: -51 dbm to -11 dbm r f s ignal w ave shape & c rest factor independent digitally programmable integration bandwidth +5v o peration from -40 c to +85 c e xcellent t emperature s tability power-down mode 24 lead 4x4mm s m t package: 16mm2 typical applications t he hm c 909lp4 e is ideal for: ? log C> root-mean-square (rms) conversion ? received signal strength indication (rssi) ? transmitter signal strength indication (tssi) ? rf power amplifer efficiency control ? receiver automatic gain control ? transmitter power control rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz v02.0511 electrical specifcations, t a = +25 c , vcc = 5v parameter t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. units dynamic range (1db error) [1] input frequency 100 900 1900 2200 2700 3500 3900 5800 mhz single ended input confguration 40 40 40 39 38 37 36 24 db deviation vs temperature: (over full temperature range -40 c to 85 c). deviation is measured from reference, which is the same wc dma input at 25 c . 1 db [1] with wcdma 4 carrier (tmi1-64 dpch)
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 2 electrical specifcations ii t a = +25 c, vcc = 5v, sci4 = sci1 = 0v, sci3 = sci2 = 5v, unless otherwise noted HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 cw wcdma 4 carriers wcdma single carrier error (db) input power (dbm) rmsout vs. pin with different modulations @ 1900 mhz [1] rmsout error vs. pin with different modulations @ 1900 mhz [1] 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 ideal cw wcdma 4 carriers wcdma single carrier rmsout (v) input power (dbm) [1] data was taken at s ci4= s ci1=0v, s ci3= s ci2=5v, shortest integration time is for sc i=0000, allowed longest integration time is for sc i=1100 parameter t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. t yp. units input frequency 100 900 1900 2200 2700 3500 3900 5800 mhz modulation deviation (output deviation from reference, which is measured with cw input at equivalent input signal power) wcdma 4 carrier (tm1-64 dpch) at +25 c 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 db wcdma 4 carrier (tm1-64 dpch) at +85 c 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 db wcdma 4 carrier (tm1-64 dpch) at -40 c 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 db logarithmic slope and intercept [1] logarithmic s lope 36.2 36.3 36.9 37. 5 39.2 42.6 44.6 66.9 mv/db logarithmic intercept -70.1 -69.7 -68.5 - 67.7 -65.6 -61.8 - 59.1 -44.5 dbm max. input power at 1db e rror -12 -12 -11 -11 -12 -12 -11 -12 dbm min. input power at 1db e rror -52 -52 -51 50 -50 -49 -47 -36 dbm [1] with wcdma 4 carrier (tm1-64 dpch)
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 3 electrical specifcations iii t a = +25 c, vcc = 5v, sci4 = sci1 = 0v, sci3 = sci2 = 5v, unless otherwise noted parameter c onditions min t yp. max units single-ended input confguration input network r eturn loss up to 2.5 ghz > 10 db input r esistance between in+ and in- between pins 3 and 4 120 ? input voltage r ange v diffin = v in+ - v in- 1.2 v rmsout output o utput voltage r ange 0.35 to 2.1 v s ource/ s ink c urrent c ompliance r m so u t held at v cc /2 8 / -0.53 ma output slew rate (rise / fall) s ci4= s ci3= s ci2= s ci1=0v, c ofs=1nf 28 / 0.86 10 6 v/s vset input (negative feedback terminal) input voltage r ange for control applications with nominal slope/intercept settings 0.35 to 2.1 v input r esistance 5 m? sci1-4 inputs, enx logic input (power down control) input high voltage 0.7xv cc v input low voltage 0.3xv cc v input high c urrent 1 a input low c urrent 1 a input c apacitance 0.5 pf power supply s upply voltage 4.5 5 5.5 v s upply c urrent with no input power 39 ma s upply c urrent with -20 dbm 41.6 ma s tandby mode s upply c urrent 3 ma HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 4 rmsout & error vs. pin @ 100 mhz [1][2] 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.4 1.65 1.9 2.15 2.4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 err +25c err +85c err -40c ideal logout +25c logout +85c logout -40c rmsout (v) error (db) input power (dbm) rmsout & error vs. pin @ 1900 mhz [1][2] 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.4 1.65 1.9 2.15 2.4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 err +25c err +85c err -40c ideal logout +25c logout +85c logout -40c rmsout (v) error (db) input power (dbm) rmsout & error vs. pin @ 900 mhz [1][2] rmsout & error vs. pin @ 2200 mhz [1][2] 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.4 1.65 1.9 2.15 2.4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 err +25c err +85c err -40c ideal logout +25c logout +85c logout -40c rmsout (v) error (db) input power (dbm) 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.4 1.65 1.9 2.15 2.4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 err +25c err +85c err -40c ideal logout +25c logout +85c logout -40c rmsout (v) error (db) input power (dbm) rmsout & error vs. pin @ 2700 mhz [1][2] 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.4 1.65 1.9 2.15 2.4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 err +25c err +85c err -40c ideal logout +25c logout +85c logout -40c rmsout (v) error (db) input power (dbm) rmsout & error vs. pin @ 3500 mhz [1][2] 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.4 1.65 1.9 2.15 2.4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 err +25c err +85c err -40c ideal logout +25c logout +85c logout -40c rmsout (v) error (db) input power (dbm) [1] data was taken at s ci4= s ci1=0v, s ci3= s ci2=5v, shortest integration time is for sc i=0000, allowed longest integration time is for sc i=1100 [2] wc dma 4 carriers input waveform HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 5 rmsout & error vs. pin @ 5800 mhz [1][2] rmsout & error vs. pin @ 3900 mhz [1][2] intercept vs. frequency [1][2] slope vs. frequency [1][2] 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.4 1.65 1.9 2.15 2.4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -40 -30 -20 -10 err +25c err +85c err -40c ideal logout +25c logout +85c logout -40c rmsout (v) error (db) input power (dbm) 0.4 0.65 0.9 1.15 1.4 1.65 1.9 2.15 2.4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 err +25c err +85c err -40c ideal logout +25c logout +85c logout -40c rmsout (v) error (db) input power (dbm) -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 +25c +85c -40c frequency (mhz) intercept (dbm) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) rmsout (v) 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 +25c +85c -40c frequency (mhz) slope (mv/db) -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) error (db) rmsout vs. pin with wcdma 4 carrier @ +25 c [1] rmsout error vs. pin with wcdma 4 carrier @ +25 c [1] [1] data was taken at s ci4= s ci1=0v, s ci3= s ci2=5v, shortest integration time is for sc i=0000, allowed longest integration time is for sc i=1100 [2] wc dma 4 carriers input waveform HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 6 rmsout error vs. pin with wcdma 4 carrier @ +85 c wrt +25 c response [1] -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) error (db) -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) error (db) rmsout error vs. pin with wcdma 4 carrier @ -40 c wrt +25 c response [1] -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) error (db) rmsout vs. pin with cw @ +25 c [1] rmsout error vs. pin with cw @ +25 c [1] 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) rmsout (v) 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 cw wcdma input power (dbm) rmsout (v) -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) error (db) rmsout vs. pin w/ cw & wcdma 4 carrier @ 1900 mhz & +25 c [1] reading error for wcdma 4 carrier wrt cw response @ +25 c [1] [1] data was taken at s ci4= s ci1=0v, s ci3= s ci2=5v, shortest integration time is for sc i=0000, allowed longest integration time is for sc i=1100 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 7 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) error (db) rmsout vs. pin w/ cw & wcdma 4 carrier @ 1900 mhz & -40 c [1] rmsout vs. pin w/ cw & wcdma 4 carrier @ 1900 mhz & +85 c [1] reading error for wcdma 4 carrier wrt cw response @ -40 c [1] reading error for wcdma 4 carrier wrt cw response @ +85 c [1] 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 cw wcdma input power (dbm) rmsout (v) -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 -40 dbm -20 dbm rmsout (v) rf enable voltage (v) time (us) rf on rf off rf off output response with sci = 0000 @ 1900 mhz [1] data was taken at s ci4= s ci1=0v, s ci3= s ci2=5v, shortest integration time is for sc i=0000, allowed longest integration time is for sc i=1100 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 cw wcdma input power (dbm) rmsout (v) -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 100mhz 900mhz 1900mhz 2200mhz 2700mhz 3500mhz 3900mhz 5800mhz input power (dbm) error (db) HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 8 typical supply current vs. pin, vcc = 5v input return loss vs. frequency 30 35 40 45 50 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 +25c +85c -40c input power (dbm) supply current (ma) -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 0123456 frequency (ghz) return loss (db) 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0123456789101112 rise time fall time ripple with wcdma4tm ripple with wcdma1tm ripple with 8 tone (1khz seperation) ripple with 8 tone (10khz seperation) output ripple (mvp-p) rise/fall time (us) integration settling (in decimal) output ripple & rise/fall time vs. integration setting [sci4,sci3,sci2,sci1] in decimal HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 9 outline drawing n otes : 1. l e adf r am e ma ter ial: co pp er all o y 2. dim e n s i o n s a re in in c h es [millim eters ]. 3. l e ad s pa c ing to l er an ce i s n o n- c umula t iv e 4. pad bu rr l e ng t h s hall b e 0.15mm maximum. pad bu rr h e igh t s hall b e 0.05mm maximum. 5. pa c kag e w a r p s hall n ot e x cee d 0.05mm. 6. all g ro und l e ad s and g ro und paddl e mu st b e so ld ere d to p c b r f g ro und. 7. re f er to hm c appli c a t i o n n ote f or s ugg este d p c b land pa tter n. package information absolute maximum ratings power supply voltage (vcc) 5.6v r f input power 10 dbm input voltage 1.2 vp-p junction t emperature 125 c continuous pdiss (t = 85 c) (derate 32.45 mw/ c above 85 c) 1.3 w thermal resistance (r th ) (junction to ground paddle) 30.82 c/ w s torage t emperature -65 to +150 c o perating t emperature -40 to +85 c esd sensitivity (hbm) c lass 1b e l ectrost a t ic se n s i t iv e de vi ce o b ser v e handling p rec au t io n s part number package body material lead finish m s l r ating package marking [1] hm c 909lp4 e r oh s -compliant low s tress injection molded plastic 100% matte s n m s l1 [2] h909 xxxx [1] 4-digit lot number xxxx [2] max peak refow temperature of 260 c HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 10 pin descriptions HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz pin number function description interface s chematic 1, 16, 21, 23 vcc power s upply. c onnect supply voltage to these pins with appropriate fltering. 2, 5, 6, 8, 11 - 13, 22 package base gnd package bottom has an exposed metal paddle that must be connected to r f/d c ground. 3, 4 in+, in- r f input pins. s ee application information for input interfacing. 7 e nx disable pin. c onnect to gnd for normal operation. applying voltage v>0.8xvcc will initiate power saving mode
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 11 pin descriptions (continued) pin number function description interface s chematic 9, 10 co fs a, cof s b high pass flter capacitor input. connect a capacitor between co fs a and co fs b to determine 3 db point of input signal high-pass flter. 14 v set s et point input for controller mode. allows change of output slope resulting in output power leveling. 15 r m so u t logarithmic output that provides an indication of mean square input power. 17 - 20 sc i1 - sc i4 digitally programmable integration bandwidth c ontrol. input pins that control the internal integration time constant for r m s calculation. sc i4 is the most signifcant bit. set v>0.8xvcc to enable and v<0.2xvcc to disable (active high). shortest integration time is for sc i=0000, allowed longest integration time is for sci=1100 (1101, 1110 and 1111 sci settings are forbidden states). each step changes the integration time by 1 octave. 24 n/ c t he pins are not connected internally; however, all data shown herein was measured with these pins connected to r f/d c ground externally. HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 12 application circuit HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz note: for the values of c 3, c 4, refer to w ideband s ingle- e nded input interface in application information
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 13 evaluation pcb t he circuit board used in the application should use r f circuit design techniques. s ignal lines sho- uld have 50 ohm impedance while the package ground leads and exposed paddle should be con - nected directly to the ground plane similar to that shown. a sufficient number of via holes should be used to connect the top and bottom ground planes. t he evaluation circuit board shown is available from hittite upon request. board is confgured with wideband single-ended input interface suitable for input signal frequencies above 100 mhz. r efer to wideband single-ended input interface section in application information for operating with signals below 100 mhz. list of materials for evaluation pcb 129547 [1] item description j1, j2 p c mount s ma c onnector t p1 - t p9 d c pin c 1, c 10, c 16 100 pf c apacitor, 0402 pkg. c 2, c 5, c 11, c 17 100 nf c apacitor, 0402 pkg. c 3, c 4, c 6 1000 pf c apacitor, 0402 pkg. r 2, r 12 - r 15 10k r esistor, 0402 pkg. r 3 - r 5, r 9, r 10 0 o hm r esistor, 0402 pkg. r 6, r 7 4.7k r esistor, 0402 pkg. r 11 100 o hm r esistor, 0402 pkg. u1 hm c 909lp4 e r m s power detector pc b [2] 128683 e valuation p c b [1] r eference this number when ordering complete evaluation p c b [2] c ircuit board material: r ogers 4350 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 14 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz monolithic true- r m s detectors are in-effect analog calculators, calculating the r m s value of the input signal, unlike other types of power detectors which are designed to respond to the r f signal envelope. at the core of an r m s detector is a full-wave rectifer, log/antilog circuit, and an integrator. the rms output signal is directly proportional to the logarithm of the time-average of v in 2 . t he bias block also contains temperature compensation circuits which stabilize output accuracy over the entire operating temperature range. t he dc offset cancellation circuit actively cancels internal offsets so that even very small input signals can be measured accurately. confguration for the typical application the rf input can be connected in wideband single-ended confguration: see rf input interface section for details on input confguration. the rms output signal is typically connected to vset, through a resistive network providing a pin -> rmsout transfer characteristic slope of 36.9mv/dbm (at 1900 mhz), however the rms output can be re-scaled to magnify a specifc portion of the input sensing range, and to fully utilize the dynamic range of the rms output. refer to the section under the log-slope and intercept heading for details. due to part-to-part variations in log-slope and log-intercept, a system-level calibration is recommended to satisfy absolute accuracy requirements: refer to the system calibration section for more details. 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 -65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 ideal measured input power (dbm) rmsout (v) rmsout vs. p in application information principle of operation p in = r m so u t / [log-slope] + [log-intercept], dbm
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 15 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz rf input interface the in+ and in- pins are differential rf inputs, which are externally confgured for wideband with single ended input. power match components are placed at these input terminals, along with d c blocking capacitors. t he coupling capacitor values also set the lower spectral boundary of the input signal bandwidth. t he inputs can be reactively matched (refer to input return loss graphs), but a resistor network should be sufficient for good wideband performance. wideband single-ended input interface: choose the input decoupling capacitor (c3, c4) values by frst determining the lowest spectral component the power detector is required to sense, ?l. input decoupling capacitor value 1 p x ? l x 3.2 , farads, where ?l is in hertz e x. if the power detector needs to sense down to 10mhz, the decoupling capacitor value should be 1/(*10e6*3.2) = 10nf a dc bias (vcc-1.2v) is present on the in+ and in- pins, and should not be overridden rms output interface and transient response the HMC909LP4E features digital input pins (sci1-sci4) that control the internal integration time constant. output transient response is determined by the digital integration controls, and output load conditions. shortest integration time is for sci=0000, allowed longest integration time is for sci=1100 (1101, 1110 and 1111 sci settings are forbidden states). using larger values of sc i will narrow the operating bandwidth of the integrator, resulting in a longer averaging time interval and a more fltered output signal; however it will also slow the power detectors transient response. a larger sc i value favors output accuracy over speed. for the fastest possible transient settling times set sc i to 0000. t his confguration will operate the integrator at its widest possible bandwidth, resulting in short averaging time-interval and an output signal with little fltering. most applications will choose a sci setting that maintains balance between speed and accuracy. furthermore, error performance over modulation bandwidth is dependent on the sc i setting. for example modulations with relatively low frequency components and high crest factors may require higher sc i (integration) settings.
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 16 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz table 1: transient response vs. sci setting [1] : rmsout rise-time 10% -> 90% (s) rmsout rise settling time (s) [2] rmsout fall-time 100% -> 10% (s) sc i4,3, 2,1 pin = -20 dbm pin = -40 dbm pin = -20 dbm pin = -40 dbm pin = -20 dbm pin = -40 dbm 0000 0.042 0.032 0.408 0.484 1.7 1.72 0010 0.042 0.13 4 0.484 0.488 5.5 5.4 0100 0.06 1.32 2.6 2.12 19.5 23 0110 2.6 5.55 10.2 9.3 86 90 1000 13 25.5 59 38 350 380 1010 48 104 208 180 1500 1600 110 0 190 460 870 800 6200 6500 rise time [3] vs. sci setting over input power fall time [4] vs. sci setting over input power rise settling time [2] vs. sci setting over input power 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0123456789101112 -40 dbm -20 dbm 0 dbm integration setting (in decimal) fall time (us) for increased load drive capability, consider a buffer amplifer on the rms output. using an integrating amplifer on the rms output allows for an alternative treatment for faster settling times. an external amplifer optimized for transient settling can also provide additional rms fltering, when operating HMC909LP4E with a lower sc i value. following fgures show how the peak-to-peak ripple decreases with higher sc i settings along with the rf pulse response over different modulations. 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 0123456789101112 -40 dbm -20 dbm 0 dbm integration setting (in decimal) rise time (us) 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0123456789101112 -40 dbm -20 dbm 0 dbm integration setting (in decimal) rise time (us) [1] input signal is 1900 mhz cw -tone switched on and off [2] measured from rf switching edge to 1db (input referred) settling of rmsout. [3] measured from 10% to 90% [4] measured from 100% to 10%
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 17 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz residual ripple for 1.9 ghz wimax ofdm advanced 802.16 @ sci = 0001 residual ripple for 1.9 ghz wimax ofdm advanced 802.16 @ sci = 0011 residual ripple for 1.9 ghz wimax ofdm advanced 802.16 @ sci = 0101 residual ripple for 1.9 ghz wimax ofdm advanced 802.16 @ sci = 0010 residual ripple for 1.9 ghz wimax ofdm advanced 802.16 @ sci = 0100 residual ripple for 1.9 ghz wimax ofdm advanced 802.16 @ sci = 0110 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 sci = 0000 sci = 0001 rmsout (v) rf input voltage (mv) time (us) rf input rmsout 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 sci = 0000 sci = 0011 rmsout (v) rf input voltage (mv) time (us) rf input rmsout 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 sci = 0000 sci = 0101 rmsout (v) rf input voltage (mv) time (us) rf input rmsout 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 sci = 0000 sci = 0010 rmsout (v) rf input voltage (mv) time (us) rf input rmsout 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 sci = 0000 sci = 0100 rmsout (v) rf input voltage (mv) time (us) rf input rmsout 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 sci = 0000 sci = 0110 rmsout (v) rf input voltage (mv) time (us) rf input rmsout
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 18 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz log-slope and intercept the HMC909LP4E provides for an adjustment of output scale with the use of an integrated operational amplifer. log- slope and intercept can be adjusted to magnify a specifc portion of the input sensing range, and to fully utilize the dynamic range of the r m s output. a log-slope of 36.9mv/db (@1900 mhz) is set by connecting rms output to vset through resistor network for ? = 1 (see application schematic). t he log-slope is adjusted by applying the appropriate resistors on the r m s and v set pins. log-intercept is adjusted by applying a d c voltage to the v set pin. o ptimized slope = ? * log-slope optimized intercept = log-intercept C (r fbk /r set ) * vbline r fbk r fbk // r shun t // r set ? = w hen r fbk =0 to set r m so u t =v set , then ? =1/2 if rset is not populated, then ? = ? * (rfbk/ (rfbk // rshunt)) and intercept is at nominal value. e xample: t he logarithmic slope can be simply increased by choosing appropriate r fbk and rs hun t values while not populating the r set resistor on the evaluation board to keep the intercept at nominal value. s etting r fbk =4.7k and rs hun t = 2.2k results in an optimized slope of: optimized slope = ? * log_slope = 1.57* 36.9mv / db o ptimized s lope = 58 mv / db slope adjustment 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 high slope nominal input power (dbm) rmsout (v) slope = 58 mv/db rset = open rfbk = 4.7 kohm rshunt = 2.2 kohm slope = 36.9 mv/db rset = open rfbk = 4.7 kohm rshunt = 4.7 kohm
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 19 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz e xample: t he logarithmic intercept can also be adjusted by choosing appropriate r fbk, rs hun t , and rset values. s etting r fbk = 4.7k, rs hun t =2.2k, and rset = 24k results in an optimized slope of: optimized slope = ? * log_slope = 1.67 * 36.9 mv / db o ptimized s lope = 62 mv / db optimized intercept = log_intercept C(rfbk/rset)*vbline optimized intercept = log_intercept - 0.196 * vbline intercept adjustment 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 vbline = -3.2 v vbline = -1.6 v vbline = -0.8 v vbline = 0 v vbline = +0.8 v vbline = +1.6 v vbline = +3.2 v input power (dbm) rmsout (v) rset = 24 kohm rfbk = 4.7 kohm rshunt = 2.2 kohm dc offset compensation loop internal d c offsets, which are input signal dependant, require continuous cancellation. o ffset cancellation is a critical function needed for maintenance of measurement accuracy and sensitivity. t he dc offset cancellation loop performs this function, and its response is largely defned by the capacitance (cofs) connected between cofsa, cofsb pins. co f s sets the loop bandwidth of the d c offset compensations. higher co f s values are required for measuring lower r f frequencies. t he optimal loop bandwidth setting will allow internal offsets to be cancelled at a minimally acceptable speed. d c o ffset c ancellation loop bandwidth , hz for example: loop bandwidth for d c cancellation with c o fs = 1nf, bandwidth is ~62 khz
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com p ower d etectors - s m t 11 11 - 20 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz standby mode t he e nx can be used to force the power detector into a low-power standby mode. as e nx is deactivated, power is restored to all of the circuits. t here is no memory of previous conditions. c oming-out of stand-by, internal integration and c o fs capacitors will require recharging, so if large sc i values have been chosen, the wake-up time will be lengthened. modulation performance C crest factor performance t he hm c 909lp4 e can detect modulated signals with very high crest factors accurately. for example, up to 2.7 ghz, a modulated r f signal with a crest factor of 15 db can be detected with 0.3 db error. rmsout error vs. crest factor over frequency -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 900 mhz error from cw (-22 dbm) 1900 mhz error from cw (-22 dbm) 2700 mhz error from cw (-22 dbm) 3900 mhz error from cw (-22 dbm) crest factor (db) rmsout error (db) system calibration due to part-to-part variations in log-slope and log-intercept, a system-level calibration is recommended to satisfy absolute accuracy requirements. w hen performing this calibration, choose at least two test points: near the top end and bottom-end of the measurement range. it is best to measure the calibration points in the regions (of frequency and amplitude) where accuracy is most important. derive the log-slope and log-intercept, and store them in non- volatile memory. for example if the following two calibration points were measured at 2.2 ghz: w ith r m so u t = 1.81v at pin= -20 dbm, and r m so u t = 1.03v at pin= -40 dbm slope calibration constant = scc scc = (-40+20)/(1.03-1.81) = 25.64 db/v intercept calibration constant = i cc icc = pin C scc*rmsout = -20 - 25.64 * 1.81 = -66.41 dbm now performing a power measurement at -30 dbm: r m so u t measures 1.40v [measured pin] = [measured rmsout]*scc + icc [measured pin] = 1.40 * 25.64 - 66.41 = -30.51 dbm an error of only 0.51 db factory system calibration measurements should be made using an input signal representative of the application. if the power detector will operate over a wide range of frequencies, choose a central frequency for calibration.
for price, delivery and to place orders: hittite microwave corporation, 20 alpha road, chelmsford, ma 01824 phone: 978-250-3343 fax: 978-250-3373 order on-line at www.hittite.com application support: phone: 978-250-3343 or apps@hittite.com power detectors - s m t 11 11 - 21 HMC909LP4E v02.0511 rms power detector single-ended, dc - 5.8 ghz layout considerations ? mount rf input coupling capacitors close to the in+ and in- pins. ? solder the heat slug on the package underside to a grounded island which can draw heat away from the die with low thermal impedance. t he grounded island should be at r f ground potential. ? connect power detector ground to the rf ground plane, and mount the supply decoupling capacitors close to the supply pins. defnitions: ? log-slope: slope of p in C> rmsout transfer characteristic. in units of mv/db ? log-intercept: x-axis intercept of p in C> rmsout transfer characteristic. in units of dbm. ? rms output error: the difference between the measured p in and actual p in using a line of best ft. [measured_p in ] = [measured_ rmsout] / [best-ft-slope] + [best-ft-intercept], dbm ? input dynamic range: the range of average input power for which there is a corresponding rms output voltage with rms output error falling within a specifc error tolerance. ? crest factor: peak power to average power ratio for time-varying signals.

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